Sensory sensitivities are often discussed when referring to individuals on the autism spectrum. Many autistic individuals experience heightened or reduced sensitivity to sensory stimuli such as lighting, sounds, tastes, smells, and textures. These sensitivities can lead to feelings of anxiety and discomfort, making it essential to create more inclusive environments that cater to these unique needs.

What Are Sensory Sensitivities?

Sensory sensitivities refer to how a person processes sensory information from their surroundings. These responses can affect any of the five traditional senses—sight, smell, taste, touch, and hearing—as well as other sensory systems like balance and body awareness. Each person’s sensory experience can vary significantly, making understanding these differences key to supporting autistic individuals.

Common Sensitivities in Autism

Sound/Hearing Sensitivity

Everyday noises, such as the sound of a vacuum, car horns, or loud music, can cause distress in autistic individuals. They might seek quiet spaces or cover their ears to cope with overwhelming sounds. In contrast, some may be less affected by loud noises that typically startle neurotypical people, highlighting the diversity of sensory responses within the spectrum.

Light/Sight Sensitivity

Bright or flickering lights, especially from fluorescent bulbs, can cause physical discomfort, including headaches. Some autistic individuals may wear sunglasses indoors to mitigate the effects of these sensitivities. While many find bright lights aversive, others may seek them out, staring at lights to satisfy their sensory needs.

Taste and Smell Sensitivity

Smells and tastes can be particularly intense for some autistic individuals. Some may seek strong flavors and scents to stimulate their senses, while others might avoid certain foods or places (such as kitchens or grocery stores) due to negative associations with specific tastes or smells. Some memories tied to a particular sensory experience can influence their preferences and aversions. These sensitivities can make daily life more challenging, especially in unfamiliar environments. Sensory overload can turn simple tasks into overwhelming experiences, making it difficult for autistic individuals to function comfortably.

Coping with Sensory Overload

1. Use Sensory Aids
   Tools like weighted blankets, fidget toys, or soothing textures can help redirect focus during sensory overload, offering comfort and promoting calm.
2. Modify Environments
   If your autistic loved one struggles with certain environments, such as grocery stores, try planning trips around their needs. Avoid strong-smelling cleaning products or certain food flavors that might trigger discomfort, and find alternatives that better suit their sensory preferences.
3. Respect Sensory Preferences
   While encouraging flexibility and growth is important, respecting sensory preferences is equally essential. Creating a mentally healthy environment often means being mindful of triggers and finding appropriate substitutes. Open conversations, especially with children, can help identify what provokes sensory reactions. For instance, if a child prefers a specific brand of chips and reacts negatively to a new brand, returning to the familiar option might resolve the issue.

Conclusion

Children with sensory processing challenges benefit from structured sensory activities and a carefully designed home environment that reduces overstimulation. Incorporating sensory activities and creating a sensory-friendly space can help your child feel more comfortable, focused, and confident. At We Are Autism, we provide resources and support for families dealing with sensory processing issues. Together, we can create environments where children thrive. Please explore our site for more information on supporting your child's sensory journey.